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A-Flute
The highest flute size, with 34+/-2 flutes to the foot. Makes
the most of corrugated's cushioning and stacking properties
for fragile and delicate items. It offers excellent stiffness
qualities and short column crush resistance.
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Basis
Weight
The weight in pounds or grammes of a ream (500 sheets in U.S.A.)
of paper cut to its basic size (20 x 26 inches). The standard
size is weight in grams per square meter.
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B-Flute
Has lower arch heights than A and more flutes per foot (50). The
medium contacts and supports the liners at a greater number of
points thus providing a stiff, flat surface for high quality printing
and die cutting and with excellent crush resistant properties.
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Box
Makers Certificate (BMC)
A statement printed on a corrugated fiberboard box or a solid
fiberboard box testifying that all applicable container board
requirements of the carriers have been observed. It identifies
and locates the box maker.
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Brightness
This is a measure of the percentage of light reflected by containerboard
or paper. It is compared to the amount reflected by a known standard
which has a brightness of 100. Improved (higher) brightness is
normally desirable in producing containers with visual appeal.
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Bursting
Strength
The strength of a material expressed in pounds per square inch
as measured by the Mullen tester.
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C-Flute
C-Flute has 40+/-2 flutes per foot, offers good cushioning, stacking
and printing properties. By far the most widely used flute size.
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Caliper
The thickness of a sheet of linerboard, corrugating medium or
corrugated board expressed in terms of thousandths of an inch.
A "point" of caliper is one-thousandth of an inch.
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Cobb
Test
See Water Absorption Resistance.
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Concora
Crush
The compressive force expressed in pounds required to crush a
fluted 112" by 6" specimen of corrugating medium. It is directly
related to the flat crush of corrugated board.
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Containerboard
A collective term used to describe its two components: linerboard
and corrugating medium.
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Corrugated
Board
Corrugated Board is produced by guiding a paper web, the corrugating
medium or fluting, through a slit between two corrugated rolls
and pressing it into a waveform through a combination of pressure
and heat. In the same machine, an even paper web (facing or liner)
is then glued on to this corrugated paper on one or both sides.
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Corrugating
Medium
Paperboard used in forming the fluted portion of the corrugated
board.
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Cross
Direction
The direction of a sheet of paper in perpendicular to the direction
of the flow on the paper machine.
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Double
Wall Corrugated
Two corrugated medium with a linerboard facing adhered between
them and to both sides. This 5-ply construction is most applicable
for packing heavy items where high rigidity and protection is
required.
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E-Flute
E-Flute has the greatest number of flutes per foot at 93+/-5,
which gives it the greatest crush resistance and the flattest
surface for high quality printing applications. The thin board
profile of E-Flute reduces box size and saves storage space. Often
substitute for conventional folding cartons or solid fiber containers.
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Edge
Crush Test (ECT)
ECT is the edgewise compressive strength, parallel to the flutes
of a short column of corrugated fiberboard.
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F-Flute
F-Flute, the newest flute, is a little more than half the thickness
of E-Flute and is the newest growth segment in the corrugated
industry. The idea is to make packages with lower fibre content.
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Flat
Crush
A measure of the resistance of the flutes in corrugated board
to a crushing force applied perpendicular to the surface of the
board. Test results are in pounds per square inch.
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High
Performance Liners
These liners offer stacking strength that is superior to conventional
liners. It usually has higher ring crush values than standard
materials of the same basis weight and they also have tighter
specifications for moisture content, caliper profile and sheet
formation.
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Kraft
Liner
Produced from unbleached sulphate pulp primarily for the manufacture
of corrugated board. The required physical properties include
ring crush, tensile strength and smoothness. Typical grammage
range 125g/m2 -350g/m2 (Metric)
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Machine
Direction
The direction of a sheet of paper corresponds with the direction
of the flow on the paper machine.
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Mullen
Test
Bursting test for corrugated packaging. However attention is turning
away from basis weights and bursting strength to a measurement
of packaging performance called ECT.
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Porosity
A measure of the time in seconds required to pass 100 cubic centimeters
of air through a square inch of container board. It does affect,
to some extent, glue ability and print ability of linerboard.
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Puncture
Test
The strength of material expressed in inch ounces per inch of
tear as measured.
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Ring
Crush
This test is used to measure the edgewise compression strength
of linerboard or corrugating medium. The results are reported
in pounds of force required to crush the 67" specimen.
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Single
Face Sheet
A corrugating medium with a linerboard facing adhered to one side.
It can be manufactured in sheets or rolls. Single face is principally
used as a wrapping material and occasionally for interior packing
or padding.
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Single Wall Corrugated (double face corrugated
board)
A corrugating medium with a linerboard facing adhered to both
sides. This popular and versatile 3-ply construction is converted
into a wide variety of containers and packaging components.
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Sizing
The process by which gelatin rosin, starch or other synthetic
substance is added on the surface of or in the paper to provide
resistance to the absorption of moisture or eliminating ink feathering
and bleed through.
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Smoothness
A measure of the variability of the surface finish of paper on
linerboard. Values ranging from 0-400, with lower numbers indicate
a smoother surface.
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STFI
A test instrument and method used to measure the short-span, edgewise
compressive strength of linerboard or corrugating medium.
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Tearing
Resistance
A measure of the force required to tear a sheet of containerboard.
This property is important in boxes requiring resistance to rough
handling abuse.
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Triple Wall Corrugated
Three corrugated medium and four linerboard facings. This 7-ply
construction is used where large container sizes are involved,
such as pallet packs.
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Warp
Warp is deviation from the original or true plane of the surface.
Excessive warp may cause crushing of the corrugating medium during
automated printing.
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Water
Absorption Resistance Also called "Cobb Test".
The quantity of water absorbed by or through the outside liner
of corrugated board in a specified time is an indicator of water
resistance.
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